Evidences for evolution

i) Paleontological evidences

• Palaeontology- the study of fossils is called palaeontology.
• Fossils – are the remains or impression of past organism preserved in sedimentary rocks or other media.
• Different aged rock sediment in earth’s crust indicate the presence of fossils of different life forms which died during the sediment formation.
• A variety of fossils ranging from the modern organism to extinct organism sedimentary.
• By studying the different sedimentary layers the geographical time period in which the organism existen be predicted.

Archaeopteryx

• Palaeontologists view archaeopteryx as a transitional fossil between dinosaurs and modern birds. With its blend of avian and reptilian features, it was long viewed as the earliest known bird. Discovered in 1860 in germany.
• Archaeopteryx lived around 150 million years ago- during the early tithonian stage in the late jurassic period.

Vestigial organs :-

Vestigial organs are the useless body parts, which do not perform any functions in the body and are present as reduced structures. These organisms are functional in many lower organisms ; therefore, these organs can be considered an evidence for evolution.

• The examples include: Ear muscles, tailbone, male nipples, wisdom teeth, etc.
  The human vermiform appendix is another example

Age of fossils is determined by the process called.