Mendel’s Principle of inheritance :-

• Law of Dominance
• Law of segregation
• Law of independent assortment

Law of Dominance:-

• In a cross of parents that are pure (monohybrid) for contrasting traits, only one form of the trait will appear in the next generation. Offspring that are hybrid for a trait will have only the dominant trait in the phenotype.”
• Offspring that are hybrid for a trait will have only the dominant trait in the phenotype.”
• So, if there exists two contrasting traits, one of the traits will always suppress the other, thereby expressing itself. T suppresses t, thus making the offspring plant tall.
• Such a trait is known as a Dominating trait. The suppressed trait is known as Recessive trait.
• Also, the recessive trait freely expresses itself in the absence of the dominant state. And this is what Mendel’s Law of Dominance is all about.

Law of Segregation :-

• According to this law. A pair of allele present in an individual do not get mixed up. They get segregate or regret from each other at the time of gametogenesis and expreses its presence in the next generation. They still have distinct identity of their own.
• This law is universelly applicable.
• For example:- – In Tt allele, Both will express itself in f in f2 generation when f1 is selfing .

Incomplete Dominance : –

• A few cases were observed where F1 is intermediate of both Dominant and recessive phenotype.
• In incomplete dominance non of the allele whether it is dominant or recessive is able to express itself completely when present in heterozygous condition.
• For example – Flower in snapdragon (dog flower or Antirrhinum majus ) or Mirabilis jalapa (4`o clock plant) where red colour is due to gene RR, white colour is due to gene rr and pink colour is due to gene Rr.